Mixed Mode 
Handling method-differences between paper and web questionnaires


          Cecilia Bäckström, Christina Nilsson
     Department of Information Technology and Media
     Mid Sweden University, 831 25 Östersund, Sweden
  E-Mail: ceba9100@student.mh.se  chni9900@student.mh.se
         Web: http://gathering.itm.mh.se/~cicbac

 
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to point out differences in 
the answers of paper and web questionnaires and to recommend what 
to consider when using web questionnaires in mixed mode surveys. 
These recommendations can be useful when implementing web 
questionnaires. A problem with mixed mode surveys is that the 
diverse methods have generated different answers.  To investigate 
this further we have conducted a survey consisting of one paper 
questionnaire and two web questionnaires, involving 90 respondents. 
To test our collected data we have used a Test of Homogeneity- 
Pearson's Chi square test (X²) and ANOVA tests. The result of this 
study shows that there are differences between the methods. Based 
on the differences we present recommendations how to facilitate the 
use of web questionnaires in mixed mode surveying. 
The recommendations are based upon the importance of usability and 
how to design a web questionnaire. 

KEYWORDS: Mixed mode, web questionnaires, paper questionnaires, 
          surveying, design